Extensive livestock production in Romania, incorporating elements of mobility, has created and maintained semi-natural grassland habitats of exceptional biodiversity. The management practices of transhumance and pendulation are adapted to and integrated with the environment. Production is linked to seasonal cycles and the availability of forage and fodder resources. At present, few if any agro-chemicals are applied to the land. Landscapes created and maintained by pastoralism are considered to be exceptionally beautiful; they generate income for the region by attracting national and international tourists.

These systems have been sustainable for thousands of years and, if properly supported –in recognition of the multiple benefits that they deliver to society, they can continue to provide food and secure livelihoods in the long term.